![](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/3YVOFHHAALY2APYPKRY2V3IAIM.jpg?quality=85&w=660)
![](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/3YVOFHHAALY2APYPKRY2V3IAIM.jpg?quality=85&w=660)
![Carbon Fiber](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/IYH2A2C3PODZ7EBNSX7QD45FRI.jpg?strip=all&quality=85)
Carbon fiber
This rigid weave of carbon and resin first made its way into F1 in a 1981 McLaren. During that year’s Italian Grand Prix, driver John Watson crashed at high speed, and survived largely because of the aerospace material. Today you’ll find the strong-yet-light stuff in nearly every performance car—from wheels to roofs.
![Disc Brakes](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/INNVPO4U7O5NDZ5V2TSYGQ6MN4.jpg?strip=all&quality=85)
Disc brakes
Old-school drum brakes press metallic shoes into the sides of bowl-like housing. This builds up heat, which can reduce stopping power. The 1951 British Racing Motors Type 15 was the first F1 car with disc brakes, which pinch large plates between small calipers. Now most production cars use this setup.
![Tire Tech](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/HH4T7XQYPAVXWNP23YCWOLAR3A.jpg?strip=all&quality=85)
Tire tech
Racing punishes tires. Pirelli currently makes all F1 rubber, and its latest P Zero road skids wear features pulled straight from the track. Hardened material where the tire meets the rim increases stability in turns, while extra silica reduces rolling resistance to boost fuel efficiency.
![Fuel Injection](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/G5VOVAL4N7VP5HT24S4J7PEHS4.jpg?strip=all&quality=85)
Fuel injection
Mercedes-Benz needed to get more fuel into its 1954 F1 engine. It found its flow by ditching the carburetor for a fuel-injection system adapted from WWII fighter planes. The next year, the first fuel-injected production car, the 300SL, rolled off the lot. You’ll find this setup in most modern cars, even base models.
![Sequential Manual Transmission](https://www.popsci.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/18/MLYZXCQS6NZGWNS2TYQ2LFLKKY.jpg?strip=all&quality=85)
Sequential manual transmission
F1 cars haven’t used stick shifts since the ’90s. The now-standard, semiautomatic system shifts gears via a paddle—no clutch-stomp required. The scheme first showed up in 1989’s Ferrari 640 racer, and hit roads thanks to street racers like the early 2000s’ Toyota MR2.
This article was originally published in the January/February 2018 Power issue of Popular Science.