New lens provides eightfold boost in magnification of sound-based imaging

Hyperlens Giving ultrasound and sonar a brass magnifier Xiang Zhang research group

Imaging an unborn fetus and and spotting a lurking submarine could both become much easier with the world's first acoustic hyperlens. The device manipulates imaging sound waves to provide an eightfold increase in the magnification power of technologies such as ultrasound and sonar.

Hyperlenses use specially engineered materials that combine metals and dielectrics, and allow scientists to image features much smaller than typical light wavelengths. Researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory applied this approach to capture information in evanescent sound waves, which have higher resolution and more detail but dissipate much more quickly than typical waves.

The acoustic hyperlens consists of 36 brass fins arrayed in a pattern resembling a hand-held fan. The fins remain embedded in a brass plate from which they were shaped, and extend from an inner radius of just 2.7 centimeters to an outer radius of 21.8 centimeters.

"As a result of the large ratio between the inner and outer radii, our acoustic hyperlens compresses a significant portion of evanescent waves into the band of propagating waves so that the image obtained is magnified by a factor of eight," said Lee Fok, one of the researchers in the Berkeley Lab.

The same lab group, led by materials scientist Xiang Zhang, demonstrated a similar feat in 2007 by breaking the "diffraction limit" that usually prevents researchers from imaging features smaller than typical light waves.

Zhang's group is now upgrading their approach to produce 3-D images, and wants to make the technique compatible with the pulse-echo technology found in medical ultrasounds and underwater sonar.

[via EurekAlert]

5 Comments

This is a real breakthrough. Will it allow a reduction in transmitted sonar energy? Various organizations claim that sonar has a negative impact on marine life.

How does this more sensitive sonar technique fair against RAF material on stealth vehicles?

If sonar had a negative impact on marine life, then what about those species that use it? Sonar is nothing more than sound refracting off a surface. And if it is felt by marine life its probably like the feeling you get when your subwoofers are turned up high, thats my guess anyways.

Pyro, imagine standing at a heavy metal concert all day everyday in the affected area. That might not be so pleasant after a while.

Wow! Another method to exceed the diffraction limit. This was first accomplished in the later 1920s by Royal Raymond Rife who constructed a live virus microscope based upon heterodyning light. Until very recently living viruses were too small to resolve in the human eye and only Dr. Rifes' microscope technology was able to achieve this feat. We now have the Ergonom 400/500 series scopes from Germany that are now being used to re-create the discoveries of Dr. Rife way back when automobiles first encountered electric starters!

Electron microscopes invented at the University of Toronto in 1938 cannot resolve living organisms even to this day because of the necessary of staining and harsh vacuum techniques required for observation which essentially destroys the sample rendering grossly distorted representations of the original sample.

If this discovery pans out, it may be possible that research in virology will finally take its place in reality at an affordable entry point that would allow the average researcher access to a new significant research tool and be freed from the constraints of appeasing the donors of research projects who expect specific outcomes from their funding efforts and usually get what they paid for.


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