Hurricane Sandy pummeled the eastern United States with unprecedented storm surges, rainfall, and howling winds Monday. Making matters worse: A cold front strengthed the cyclone into a snowy "Frankenstorm," while an Arctic weather system trapped the storm over densely populated regions.
Mounting scientific data suggests that decades of human activity is altering weather patterns, warming and rising oceans, worsening droughts, melting glaciers and more.
It may seem reasonable, then, to assume this year's record-breaking weather event was tangible evidence of human-caused climate change. But is that accurate?
Below are five truths about the connection between climate change and storms such as Hurricane Sandy courtesy of Andrew Freedman. Freedman is a climate science writer and spokesperson for Climate Central, a non-profit organization that both conducts climate change research and communicates the results to the public.
When tropical hurricanes crawl north into the Atlantic Ocean, they tend to expand in size as they transition into "extratropical" storms. These systems can link up with colder weather fronts, transforming their behavior and powering them as they move north or south of tropical latitudes.
"There have not been studies done showing links between storm sizes and climate change," Freedman wrote in an email to Popular Science. "[T]here is anecdotal evidence suggesting that purely tropical storms/hurricanes could be expanding in size, but how that might be tied to climate change is unclear."
Climate change is warming oceans around Earth, evaporating more water into the atmosphere and feeding storms that could brew into hurricanes.
According to the latest climate models, however, the frequency of these north-drifting extreme storms will drop in the coming decades--but their intensity and likelihood for causing damage will worsen.
"[T]he ones that do form may contain stronger winds and heavier rains," Freedman says. "As sea surface temperatures warm up, hurricanes may be able to sustain themselves farther north than they used to, making the prospect of more New England landfalls a bit more likely."
Hurricane Sandy, says Freedman, fed off of tropical surface temperatures between 2 and 5 degrees Fahrenheit above average for this time of year.
The U.S. East Coast may endure fewer but more powerful hurricanes in the future, yet the tropics--including the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico--may see more powerful storms more often.
"[S]tudies of storm intensity/frequency in a warming world show changes on the order of 5 to 10 percent several decades from now," Freedman says.
Over the years Popular Science has told the stories of people trying to control and monitor Mother Nature's wildest weather.
Most recently we detailed a plan to fly water-sprinkling robotic drones above oceans that spawn hurricanes. The concept: seed thicker clouds, reduce sunlight to the ocean's surface, and ultimately reduce evaporating water that feeds hurricanes.
No one has tried out the idea, but Freedman says history is against human meddling with nature. "Efforts at modifying hurricanes through cloud seeding or other methods have always been a spectacular failure."
Tree growth rings, ice cores, weather stations, and other continuous, land-based sources of data help researchers study the effects of natural vs. human contributions to climate change.
Unfortunately, says Freedman, "A big impediment to making firmer conclusions on the link between hurricanes and climate change is that the historical record is not very reliable prior to the 1950s or so, when hurricane reconnaissance missions became more commonplace."
"If you go back to the 19th and early 20th centuries, if a storm missed land and didn't affect many ships, it probably went undetected. That means that scientists don't have a very long record of good data with which to detect trends."
Scientists haven't given up on recovering what ocean-based records they can. One effort called Old Weather, for example, asks people with spare time to translate ships' logbooks and extract weather data, which researchers can then use to both understand historic weather patterns and model future ones.
Don't miss PopSci's live coverage of hurricane Sandy.
Additional reporting by Suzanne LaBarre.
The incredible innovations, like drone swarms and perpetual flight, bringing aviation into the world of tomorrow. Plus: today's greatest sci-fi writers predict the future, the science behind the summer's biggest blockbusters, a Doctor Who-themed DIY 'bot, the organs you can do without, and much more.


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I love it when the tree hugers get proven wrong! There have been warm times in the past and there have been cold times in the past AND there still is no solid proof to global warming!!!
HA!
Glory to GOD, HE is still in control!
And all the Al Gore's and Obummer's in the world will still end up with egg on their faces!
Hurricane's are Nature's response to an overheating ocean. Bill Gates has their control half right suggesting the dumping of some of this heat to deeper water. The most efficient way to move this heat is with a heat pipe, just as a hurricane is an atmospheric heat pipe that moves between 3 and 12 times the amount of energy we use each year in a single storm. Stick a turbine in a heat pipe which inverts the hurricane to condense the working fluid at depth, rather than in the stratosphere and you can produce all of the energy we will ever need, draw down the source of the hurricane's strength and resolve the thermal stratification problem that is devastating phytoplankton that are the lungs of the planet and the base of the ocean food-chain. A video of how this is accomplished is available at http://www3.telus.net/gwmitigationmethod/You%20Tube.htm
Who's surprised that the religious fantasists fail at reading comprehension? From the article:
"[T]he ones that do form may contain stronger winds and heavier rains," Freedman says. "As sea surface temperatures warm up, hurricanes may be able to sustain themselves farther north than they used to, making the prospect of more New England landfalls a bit more likely."
Hurricane Sandy, says Freedman, fed off of tropical surface temperatures between 2 and 5 degrees Fahrenheit above average for this time of year.
Wow, this proves hurricanes were not around before the industrial revolution…..FAIL.
Man-made global warming is not real.
@Aldrons Last Hope - Your logic...Hurricans exsisting before industrial revolution is proof that global warming is a myth?
Your understanding of climate change and its effects on natural weather patterns...FAIL.
Five Truths about hurricanes and climate change sounds a lot more like Two Conjectures. Other than the two postulates about hurricane frequency and size, the rest says nothing about the connection between hurricanes and climate change. And if you've paid attention to the wide variability in computer climate model predictions, the most productive thing you can do with the Two Conjectures about future hurricane frequency and size is pause for a moment with a noncommittal "huh" and go about your business. Oh, and stock up on bottled water and food in case one is headed your way.
I think Popular Science should change it's name to Popular Disasters. It sure isn't too involved in Science anymore to warrant the name Science.
The earth has been heating up and cooling down for millions of years (without our intervention). I love the fact that we think we are oh so ever powerful that we truly have an effect on climate change.
If it gets really cold one year its global warming, if it gets really hot the next its global warming. Never do any of these so called climate scientists ever give a guarantee of anything its always "This MAY happen, we MAY see more hurricanes". Heck I can forecast like that too! Give me a break and stop with the scare tactics. Move on, live your life and then die.
Tired.
@SilverBird man-made global warming is a straight up lie. Deal with it. And the term “climate change” is funny to me because guess what, the climate has always been in a state of change….LOL Climate Change is a pseudoscience. I can’t belevie popsci is still printing these lies.
@Cubicle..lol exactly, “It may rain tomorrow”. This whole article is a joke.
I love it when the Republitards try and say Global Warming is a hoax lol. Many scientific studies have proven it to be real. When was the last time the glaciers in Antarctica melted so fast? It may be a natural re-occurrence but our continued burning of fossil fuels is not helping but making it far worse. To hell with your fossil fuels, we need true green energy like Hemp and Teslas free energy concepts back in society. The tards also need to be ousted, nothing good ever comes from them.
I love how people still think this, Yes, there were warm periods in teh past where the planet warmed to even higher than it is today, but these changes happened OVER A THOUSAND YEARS OR MORE.
We, on the other hand, will emiit enough greenhouse gases over the next couple hundred years to recreate that warming, in ONE-FIFTH the time or less. Think about that and tell me there's no proof!
Also, wanted to add, read a study today, apperently through severe weather climate change has already reduced the GLOBAL GDP by 1.3% (or $1.3 trillion US) and is estimated at causing 5 million deaths per year (weather and pollution related). The funny this is, the estimated cost of moving the entire world to a green energy source this decade is estimated at 0.5% Global GDP (or $500 billion US).
Go figure, Hey Policy makers, get your heads out from under those rocks and get this fixed!
Why do dumb people read this scientific magazines? Go read the Bible and stay with 2000 year old knowledge... Argh this Foxnews uneducated lambs!
So apparently CO2 levels rising and historical hard data collected in the Pacific is false, but talking snakes and shrugs in the BIBLE are REAL?... (spank in the back of the head)
Overpopulation, combustion, industrialization and deforestation are measurable and real... If there is more CO2 it also means there is less free O2.
Religious (or ignorant) people will keep deforesting and burning fossile fuels and wasting time praying that nothing bad happens... FUNNY lunatics!!!
Keep fracking and debilitating the cortex, leaving hollow areas below with less support. (logical).. Keep poisoning the air, land and sea and Keep praying to a clueless primitive GOD and nothing bad will happen!... Midwayfilm dotcom
I love the fact that we have turned this to politics and religion. I said nothing of religion or politics, I simply stated FACTS. You are stating information from studies where people use different input variables into a computer. Every single study has some different outcome based on variables put into a computer! Again, I can forecast like that too!!!
For as many studies that have been done to say that man has sped up or increased global warming there is another one that says we didn't. Who's to say which is correct? Oh that's right it was PRsurfer, Harr1son, and Sud0 so it MUST be true! Sorry for my ignorance.
Calling people names because someone doesn't share YOUR views is the typical Liberal reaction. We Liberals are SO progressive and in tune with the times, we think EVERYONE deserves a fair chance and a voice, but ONLY if that voice agrees with my views. Go crawl back in your little hole, everyone is entitled to their opinion, that's what makes this country great, its people like you that are killing our great nation.
@cubicle, actually, it's the GOP's mentality that is killing this great nation. A study is a hard fact but one does not need a scientific study for proof that there is change in the air. What do you think happens when you add warm water to a hurricane? If intensifies it. Now, what is happening to the ocean? It’s warming up, why? Too much CO2 in the air. Why is there so much CO2 in the air? First of all we are burning too much fossil fuels and second, we are cutting down too much of the earth’s natural air purifiers "trees". I heard this once by a GOP "When you cut down a tree and turn it into a house, it is still a tree." WRONG! A house is a dead tree; it does not breathe in CO2 and breathe out H2O. Here's another one, what happens when too much of the glaciers melt and all that fresh water spills into the ocean? it destabilizes the oceans conveyor belt. What happens when you destabilize the oceans belt? it stops circulating warm water to certain areas in the globe and you get a mini ice age.
There are many factors causing the advancement of global warming and it all ties back to many of the big corrupt corporations and the GOP's mentality of more fossil fuels, the use of natural resources that do not work, and the demonizing and suppressing of those natural resources that are free and that will work. Cannabis/Hemp is a great example; it grows fast and cleans up the air from CO2 fast. Popsci knows this, they had an article back in 1938 called the Billion Dollar Crop, after this article was published is when some of these corporations started demonizing it with their reefer madness. Why do you think it has been demonized so much? because it is easy to grow, requires no pesticides, etc. but one of the main reasons is because it will take many of these big corporations out of business for the simple fact that it can replace many of these fail resources that do not work, even fuel. There are deeper reasons but the people are not ready to hear them. Hemp is not the only natural resource that will work, there are many many more out there. You will find it hard to know about them unless you research because these same corporations backed by the GOP have been eliminating them swiftly with their propaganda and corruption. We cannot be fooled anymore; we have been working on our own propaganda by spreading many truths and facts, to the masses. These corrupt corporations and politicians have their MSM to spread their lies. We have the internet to spread many truths.
I apologize to all here about the politics here but there are some that are pushing the envelope.
Sud0 - Really? It's ALL the GOP's fault?! I'm not taking a political side here, you are just so obviously Liberal that you see no one else's side but your own.
You are right, the GOP wants nothing more than to warm this planet up so much so we all become extinct. Think about that for a minute.....does that REALLY make sense to you?!?!? Maybe if you would get off of your holier than now (sorry that wasn't mean as a religious term, wouldn't want to offend you)podium you could probably come to some better conclusions than that.
I have SO much more that I would like to say to you but I don't want to bother the rest of the PopSci community with your obvious lack of understanding of government, you obviously just hate to hate instead of understanding BOTH sides. (I know I know, republications just want to carry their bibles and produce dirty air and create more hurricanes). I also don't have time to type anymore as I must put some hemp in my car's tank so that I may go back to my big corrupt corporate job so that I can afford to live in my dead tree house. Thanks for playing.
Bull Sh**! Is San Diego under water? No, Al said it would be by 2010! Just where is the water that was supposed to raise the ocean levels? I live 14 feet above the shore and have for 30 years, no sea rising here. All of the computer models relied on by the whacks failed to take into account the normal raising and falling cycles of temperature. They failed in many regards all to promote the enviro whack agenda, FAIL. Ovomit and his ilk should be packing and getting ready for the hurricane coming next Tuesday nation wide, that WILL be the storm of the century!
Unlike the top responder here, I don't see this as proving anyone wrong; the writer clearly stated that Global Warming will have an effect and that one circumstance that made Sandy last so long was warmer than usual waters. While it makes no claims that Sandy was generated by Global Warming, it does point out that warming could well be a factor in Sandy's ultimate power.
As such, there is also no proof that there is no such thing since conditions were unusually ripe for the storm's growth--Sandy clearly bigger and more powerful than any previous storm on record--even going back to historical data prior to our Hurricane Hunters.
During the Cretaceous the Gulf of Mexico extend clear up through Colorado--looking at the deposits we can see those left by the hurricanes that came through. What we see is that, even though it was warmer then, the hurricanes were not larger--"warmer" increases sheer, and sheer limits the size to which hurricanes are able to grow. Also, on a warmer earth we will see the oceans evaporating more than on a cooler Earth. What goes up must come down--a warmer Earth is a wetter earth--no way around it. Any "late season" hurricane has the potential to merge with a cold front--the last major time it happened was hurricane Hazel (which followed almost the exact tract of Sandy) which, after merging, continued over 600 miles over dry land--ending up the the middle of Canada
5 Things Hurricane Sandy Reveals About the political theory of Global Warming
1. Human suffering can (and often does) become a political tool.
2. If you tell a lie (See #3) long enough, there are those who will begin to believe it.
3. You can convince some people that hurricanes never existed before Al Gore. (Same goes for summers, winters and in-between.)
4. Next year, male patter baldness and ingrown toenails will be blamed on global warming.
5. PopSci, no matter how otherwise attractive and thoroughly enjoyable, is still fully owned.
What warmists get from this article: more proof that CO2 drive climate change!
What skeptics get from this article: more proof that the warmists are wrong!
What real scientific thinkers get from this article: nobody knows jack about the climate.
I can provide a direct example that humans do affect our climate.
Go back to the days immediately after September 11th, 2001 and look at the differences between weather forecasts and actual weather for the week that all civil aircraft were grounded over the US. On average, measured temperatures fell from 5- to 10 degrees below forecast--especially in the northeast corridor.
Don't tell me humans don't have an effect on weather. I've seen the difference.
A fox preys on sheep. Don't be a sheep.
Vulpinemac - WOW! Ok, Mr. Stretch Armstong! Wow....really took that one for a ride..... Your tagline should read "Baaaaah".
@cubicle: The simple fact that you've been calling the Global Warming people "Liberals" clearly states that you consider the issue a political one only--based only on YOUR opinion and no demonstrated facts that haven't been doctored to achieve a desired conclusion. Simple, measurable facts--historical facts, not conjecture--can prove you wrong in your views, should you only bother to do the research yourself. I'm not one of these so-called "Liberals" and I witnessed the effects of climate change for myself.
Yes, we all do know that our planet works in cycles of warming and cooling and we've seen how natural catastrophic events can affect global weather for years at a time--just research the cause of the "Little Ice Age" from about 250 years ago and try to imagine the effects of that one short-term volcanic burst occurring over a 150-year period. Study the researched histories of the historical climate changes we do know about and apply that information to what is happening now--today--in our lifetimes.
Mankind may not have created the cycles, but mankind in its arrogance has managed to accelerate and intensify those cycles.
A fox preys on sheep. Don't be a sheep.
I do not believe weather conditions are caused by "global warming". We are seeing changing patterns, and the reason, in my opinion, is linked to the eruption of the volcano in Iceland a few years ago. It was such a strong eruption that is even caused airports as far as New York to close down because of the dense ash and the altitude it achieved. It also caused something else which many took for granted: It caused the EARTH to change its rotational axis by a very small amount of degrees. Scientists shrugged it off, but I believe it is that shift in the axis rotation that is bringing about the change in patterns. Richard Frank
@Vulpinemac: Couldn't it be that we are simply in a pattern of natural warming now and we didn't and don't have anything to do with it?
The oceans have warmed 1.3 degrees over the last 100 years. So you are telling me that in no other time in millions of years we have not seen this kind of change? Give me a break.
Seriously, I get there's a job security factor that all these scientists have to have but the bullying and fear mongering needs to stop. Could we be more responsible with certain things? Sure. But what we are doing today doesn't have nearly the effect that volcanoes and meteors have that plagued this place for millions of years.
If you and your buddies want wind and solar powered cars and houses by all means, this is America, go build them. Leave my dirty oil and coal alone I like the way they work. Well except for my hemp powered car, I'll keep taking that to work every day.
Seriously we are not that important or significant just get over it.
The "hurricany" parts of Sandy at landfall near NYC did not seem that severe. As with all hurricanes since the early 00s, the wind bordered on Cat 1 strength. And the precipitation numbers from NOAA are minuscule.
That leaves the storm surge which seems to have caused almost all of the coastal damage. Thus the effect being more like a tsunami than a hurricane.
The reasons given for the storm surge are the record low pressure. This pressure lets the wind "pile up" the water on top of itself and blow into land (or so Wikipedia tells me).
So then the question becomes, why the record low pressure? And why is the low pressure and the accompanying flood water still there in places?
“What to do? What am I going to do now? I know. I’ve got it! I’ll sell my leftover BS to the mental cripples who voted for me. They’ll buy anything! I’ll be rich! I’ll be rich as a king! MMM MMM MMM” --- Al Gore after losing to GW Bush
Why can't you non-believers understand that climate change is both a natural occurrence and ALSO being exaggerated by the activities of mankind? This is not an either or scenario. It is both! Yes, climate change has occurred since the earth was formed. It has also been greatly enhanced by the pollution we spew into the atmosphere especially since the Industrial Revolution.
All of the above is predicated on the assumption that climate zones will continue creeping northward at the present rate of about 4km per year. If, as the Arctic Ocean becomes a zone of rising air due to the increased absorption of heat by the ever more open ocean, all bets are off. Instead of creeping northward, climate zones may lurch northward. This will likely bring tropical storms into what was once temperate areas. Of added interest, at present the ice sheet tends to keep Arctic hurricanes (such as the one of Aug6) away from the coast of Greenland. Low pressure areas beside Greenland give rise to Katabatic winds which cause increased melting. It will be interesting to see the effect of a full hurricane (the one of Aug6 was on the border between a force 2 and a force 3) snuggled up to the shore of Greenland. Could the rate of melting of this huge block of ice be the next prediction that our scientists have grossly underestimated. There is 7m of sea level rise available in that little ice cube. Imagine Sandy or worse when the sea level is a meter higher than it is at present.
"Over the years Popular Science has told the stories of people trying to control and monitor Mother Nature's wildest weather.
Most recently we detailed a plan to fly water-sprinkling robotic drones above oceans that spawn hurricanes. ((The concept: seed thicker clouds, reduce sunlight to the ocean's surface, and ultimately reduce evaporating water that feeds hurricanes. ((Or normal rainy season weather.))
No one has tried out the idea,)) but Freedman says history is against human meddling with nature. "Efforts at modifying hurricanes through cloud seeding or other methods have always been a spectacular failure."
Wrong. For everyone's eyes to see for themselves you can watch the skies above your own home town and see dozens of jets leaving what is called 'chemtrails'. This spraying of our skies does reduce the sunlight to the ocean's surface, ultimately reducing evaporating water that would bring in needed moisture to our states as we all have seen this past summer with the nationwide drought and record breaking tempature's. Everytime the news come on about possible rain, out come these jets spraying over the West Coast along the shoreline and if it does rain, it is heavy in some areas and nothing in others. If you live in S. CA then you may have heard about the flash floods and heavy rains in areas but not received one drop in your area. You don't have to believe me but you can check it out for yourself and notice next time it is mentioned on the weather reports of possible rain coming to the mainland, then take the time to go outside and look at the sky over your area and see these jets leaving those chemtrails. You can go outside right now and look up and see no streaks over your city, but that first mention of possible rain and then go outside and see for yourself dozens of jets out of the normal jet paths that are leaving these streaks. Proof positive that weather modification is going on worldwide. With this knowledge for yourself you can then dismiss human caused global warming as being something caused by the whole of humanity and realize it is being done by our own governments for the purpose of pushing for that final control of all of the earth's population. How else to take control of the entire world but by saying that we all have to go green and cut back on our use of power generated by our power plants. Again, you don't have to believe what I say. What I have said will prove itself over the next four years with 'new laws', concerning the use of power in a government attempt to limit the kind of storms we have just witnessed on the East Coast of the United States. What better country to use as an example but the good ol' U.S of A. You will need knowledgeless, ignorant people by the millions to follow the dictates of a government that now has promised to do all it can to keep this from happening again. Obama was just on the news saying that. That makes me believe that those people that are behind the scenes working to control the public knew about this weather modification and have their hands bloodied by the deaths and destruction we have just witnessed. What I have mentioned will prove itself if only you will take the time to understand chemtrails and the other contrails.
I am not saying An Inconvenient Truth is 100% correct but most of it is just so logical!...Everything is a factor... Remember, one thing is to have a BIG NATURAL EVENT in one place (a big volcano eruption) and another is having artificial constant man made emissions everywhere forever..
Think of our planet as a big room! Remember matter does not create or destroy itself it only transforms... We have the same quantities of Oxigen and other elements in our planet inside our bubble of air floating in space and we burn and burn , deforest...
Btw, sorry about my previous rant...
It scares me that people think they can take fragments of opinion as proof. America's political antagonists have made us a nation of self appointed experts on everything from soup to nuts. A lot of ignorance on the blogs here.
97% of climatologists who are active in research agree that humans play a role in global warming. 47% of petroleum geologists and 58% of the public think humans play a role in global warming. Obviously the oil companies are biased and their bias (and money) is been responsible for swaying public opinion. Source = Science Daily 1/21/2009.
Do any of the PopSci editors read Popular Science? Did the writer or editor read this article (in the same edition)?
"News Writers: Stop Trying To Scare People With Made-Up Storm Language"
http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-11/dictionary-hurricane-sandy-superstorm
Hate to rain on your parade guys
Hurricane
But first - a demonstration that Forces of Equal Evolution act upon Forces of Equal Evolution.
Find some tree pitch. Try wiping it off the skin with toilet paper. Now Flick at this sticky mess with thumb and for-finger (ten or so times). This causes a chaotic reaction between molecules (forces, chips) of the skin and tree pitch, now instead of attracting they are repelling making it real easy to wipe clean.
Our Planet spews a very violent force, fortunately for us is that in exiting it has not matured to interact with matter and the majority is deposited (centrifugal force) out into space. (dark matter)
TORNADO
Centrifugal force in its evolution becomes a size to interact with the force gravity at the elevation of visible water. If it is clear with no cloud, temperature did not allow centrifugal force with all its nasty forces to mutate and most of these are on their way to other worlds.
Interactions of forces within a cloud produce chaotic air cells that cause the nuclei of the cells to repel each other (chips) producing, from their poles, the temperature cold. (Think HOT as being nuclear particals of any cell orbiting in chaotic orbit directions and Cold (blow on your hand) being chaotic nuclear particles orbiting harmonically in same orbit directions).
These many molecules (chips) are contained within the cell membrane producing an expanded, large air cell. An atomic reaction ignites the oxygen of these expanded cells (lightning) and the air cell then has nuclei or chips attracting. It's the collapse of these air cells that produces the sound thunder. The cold produced changes the air cell to a water cell that can crystallize as hail.
While the air cell is expanded its nuclei are of a size that does not interact with the sun's radiation and little light is produced leaving a dark cloud (black).
The vortex of energy released from the Earth has now mutated to a size as to interact with gravity and air, returning to Earth as a destructive tornado.
Cubicle, You are right. Everyone is entitled to their own opinion and I shouldn't knock that. I simply want to point out that although there have been warm periods in the past this is accelerated now. There is evidence of that fact, there is not concrete evidence, as you pointed out, that it is affecting our weather, but really, just look outside. A
The only thing I wanted to add is why is the US so great?
Statistically speaking, the US only tops every other country in 3 categories, # of incarcerated ppl per capita, # of adults who believe angels are real (wow, scary) and Obesitiy. So please Cubicle, why is this country so great?
I'm confused. I thought Obama was going to fix the climate problem, so we shouldn't be seeing hurricanes anymore.
To me the arguments pro or con are a waste of time. Technology moves along while we debate this endlessly. So if wind and solar help us to decrease our dependance on oil so be it. Most of the companies who poo poo global warming due to their self interest usually tout how they are 'doing their part to help reduce emissions' etc. etc. In conclusion, it's easy to comment about hurricanes and such when you are warm and dry and cozy. I bet many of those that experienced this superstorm (and are still feeling the effects) will perhaps have a different opinion on such things than they had before the storm.
A fairly balanced article, except for the assumption that warming is anthropgenic and will continue for decades. Neither is likely true.
GW "science" is based on computer models, not atmospheric physics, models which start by assuming that GW is caused by CO2 (and not, for instance the converse or by the sun), and cannot calculate solar variability, cloud cover changes, or ocean current shifts. Exactly the same models that cannot reliably predict the weather one week in the future. Really?
It is far more likely that A. Temperature follows solar variability, and B. It will go down as usual, perhaps far too much. There is no science to support the notion of anthropogenic global warming. It is an egotistical, soft-headed liberal idea, in my opinion.
I guess the name of your magazine is correct. Just don't change it to True Science. True Scientists are pulling away from this diet tribe at an alarming rate. The phoney models haven't resembled reality. It's been like a cult that predicts the future. When it doesn't come true they just make up more lies.
Sorry to confuse the issue with facts.
1. The sea level has been rising at 1.48mm/year since 1950. The rate of rise shows no sign of changing. This means sea level will rise just over 2" by 2050. (Not the 2 ft. I heard on TV.) The land masses rise and fall at about the same rate.
2. Global temperature has not increased for 16 years. As a result, the IPCC temperature forecast has been falsified in the scientific sense. The climate models got it wrong by using an unproven fudge factor of 3-5 to multiply the known effect of CO2.
3. Global temperature has been rising just over half a degree per century since the Little Ice Age. Google "Akasofu natural warming" for lots of graphs. Probably this amount of natural warming should be subtracted from the total rather than ascribing it all to CO2.
4. Of course the world is warming. It has been doing so since the Little Ice Age. As it gets warmer records will be broken. Of course CO2 has some effect. The measured amount is ~1 C for doubling the level. What is not yet known is the effect of clouds or radiation from the sun on this. Some think solar radiation alters the amount of cosmic rays that get through and seeds clouds.
5. The sun appears to be going to sleep. If this continues we will get fewer sun spots. Something that has been associated with the Maunder Minimum. Some Russian scientists are forecasting we are in for a cold spell starting by the end of this decade.
6. The Arctic ice set a record low in the summer. As the ice is all floating whether it melts or not does not effect sea level. The ice on the Antarctic is growing. As it is on land that would have an effect on sea level.
7. Hurricane Sandy’s storm surge was likely surpassed in the New England hurricanes of 1635 and 1638. From 1635 through 1954, New England was hit by at least five hurricanes producing greater than 3 m storm surges in New England. (ref. David Middleton.)
8. A new paper, with temperature reconstructions created using the 650-tree (‘alltrw’ data) TRW chronology (a) and the 130 tree (‘S88G1112’ data) MXD chronology, from Briffa and Melvin at UEA, restores the Medieval Warm Period while making Mann’s hockey stick disappear.
Bishop Hill writes: In its previous incarnation, without a MWP, the series was used in:
MBH98
MBH99
Rutherford et al 05
Jones 98
Crowley 00
Briffa 00
Esper 02
Mann, Jones 03
Moberg
Osborn, Briffa 06
D’Arrigo et al 06
9. From the above, it looks like there is nothing unusual about the present climate. It has been as warm as this in the Middle Ages. Even Sandy had precedents. All that has really changed is the birth of the new multibillion dollar industry to reduce CO2.
10. I find Popular Science is getting sloppy with the facts and alarmist over AGW. Contrary to the impression you might get from Steve Featherstone's article on LENR (aka Cold Fusion) LENR has been proven beyond reasonable doubt. There are several hundred peer reviewed papers on it. While Rossi's E-Cat has not been proven I'm optimistic it will be.
5 Things Hurricane Sandy Reveals About Global Warming
1. Global Warming is a Myth.
2. Global Warming is a Myth.
3. Global Warming is a Myth.
4. Global Warming is a Myth.
5. Global Warming is a Myth.
@ PRsurfer
Talking snakes are real and they are capable of wiping out the human race. I am expecting talking snakes to kill a third of the planet . Jan 2013 ???? It will kill the heart. They will attack if there is a massive solar storm in Dec 2012..as predicted.
Hello; Ostriches tend to avoid unwanted events by placing their head under their wing. This behavior doesn't alter the fact; that when catastrophic weather or geophysical occurrence sends a tsunami flood wave across the Australian floodplain; it doesn't matter that the ostriches have hidden their head; the freakin wave is still going to wipe them out. Denial does not change the Science; the planetary system was fine; before man squatted in the mechanism; Plain Fact: WE WILL REAP WHAT WE HAVE SOWN; current trends are only the proverbial tip of the melting iceberg we all live on. Certainly their are the natural cycles; we; in our vast appetite for progress; have compressed and propelled the natural cyclic rate to hyperactive speed; what normally takes 1,000;10,000; 1,000,000; or 10,000,000 years to transpire; we in our egocentric wisdom have proven how smart we are by compressing the normal major event timeline down to approximately 500 years. So as we hurtle towards E.L.E.; let the universal records show mankind's crowning achievement; what took approximately 4.8 billion years to achieve; we will bring too a crashing frozen end; in less than 500 years acutely ( since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution); and 350,000,000 years cumulatively ( the entire spectrum of our pitiful existence on this planet). So; banter about between rhetoric and denial; when the imminent "wave" comes; rest assured; we will still be washed away; the cycle will be complete.
Some facts would be nice.
See my post three above.
@H Ray... Glory to God, I get to breathe in big oil smog and develop chronic breathing issues but not really, I made that up because I'm a tree-hugger that has an agenda and my multi-billion buck industry that is unwilling to change to better society is at risk with talk of green tech... Regardless what the reason of global warming is, health is also a major concern for pollution. Living around LA and California's central valley smog bowl, I doubt many who've ventured out of their own village could understand how quickly after a rain a week of normal traffic can turn skies back to brown. It matters... for so many more reasons than global warming. Learn. Experience. Grow.
The story admitted that storm data was sketchy 60 years ago. No person knows what "normal" looks like. Man-made global warming is just a silly theory. There are numerous factors that go into weather occurances. Did anyone even bring up sunspot activity and its affect on CO2 levels? Even computer models do not all agree on tomorrow's weather. We are getter better but it is still an educated guess at best. Now, scientists want us to believe they can predict what will happen 5,10,100 years from now? Come on. After Katrina, scientists predicted the next year would be a record year for hurricanes, bigger and more frequent. Didn't happen.
Parallel: Thank you. Facts. Bracing!
But the Argo buoys show the oceans are not heating. How is that possible? CO2 is still rising.
If this storm is caused by global warming and global warming is caused by CO2 then I blame the Chinese. American CO2 output is declining.
"Efforts at modifying hurricanes through cloud seeding or other methods have always been a spectacular failure."
Question 1:
Is it possible that this was an example of a "spectacular failure" of an attempt to manage or modify a hurricane?
With all the chemtrails projects on the go worldwide, how do we know no cloud seeding actually took place?
Question 2:
"In the future, North Atlantic hurricanes will drop in frequency, but grow in intensity."
Why? Hurricanes are fuelled by warm water. (As soon as they veer onto land or into cold water they fizzle out). If sea temperatures are warming it doesn't make sense that they should become less frequent.
How can we ever know that Sandy was not a product of human intervention - an attempt to steer the storm into cold water to get it to fizzle out?
jenaG
Question 1. No.
Question 2. Just speculation.
See some facts at 11/01/12 at 6:16 pm above
Let analyze next article:
"Hansen, J., R. Ruedy, M. Sato, and K. Lo (2010), Global
surface temperature change,GISS analyses beginning with Hansen et al. [1999] include a homogeneity adjustment to minimize local (nonclimatic) anthropogenic effects on measured temperature change. Such effects
use often cause a warming bias. Local anthropogenic cooling can also occur, for example, from irrigation and planting of vegetation [Oke, 1989], but on average, these effects are probably outweighed by urban warming.)"
It is a riddle for me that Hansen agrees that “local
anthropogenic cooling can also occur, for example, from irrigation and planting of vegetation”and throw away this point. At the same time in USA in 2000, harvested area only for grain was 282.1 million acres.
From 2000 and 2012 killer beetles destroyed more than 100,000,000 acres of forests In USA and Canada.
Are these dead forests evaporate additional water from soil, or increase humidity in air and probabilities of rain?
THESE DEAD FORESTS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR DROUGHT OF 2010, 2011, 2012, FOR HURRICANES LIKE SANDY!!!!
1. We must build small power plants inside affected forests to produce electricity, hot water and heat from the cheapest wood energy.
2. We must clean our ponds, streams, creeks, rivers, lakes, build reservoirs to collect spring water,
3 We must build systems of relocation of water from flooding area to drought.
It will create jobs with huge profit from electricity production and increasing crop production from farmers fields.
PREVENTION! PREVENTION! PREVENTION!!!
Prevention is always cheaper than emergency spending.
FEMA, EPA must be reorganized from spending organization to FOR PROFIT ORGANIZATION!!!
We could start these directions right now with huge profit, instead of disasters.
It sickens me that critical thinking and independent thought seem to be foreign concepts to most people. Climate change is a fact of nature, but it is mostly, if not entirely, explained by factors such as solar activity and earth motion variations that are beyond human influence and control. Human activity has affected the natural environment, but it is chemical pollutants, waste heat, and soot that cause the majority of the measurable disruptions to the health of natural ecosystems and sometimes to human communities.
There are political reasons to demonize carbon dioxide emissions. Virtually all industrial processes use energy, and demonizing carbon dioxide emissions with a strong and fear inducing message gives an excuse to tax and regulate all industrial activity. No amount of regulation and taxing can ever significantly reduce carbon dioxide emissions enough to alleviate the danger (if that danger is accepted as fact) so the job of protecting us will never be done.
Notice that all supposedly scientific articles concluding that climate change due to human activity is a well supported hypothesis fail to explore the extraordinarily complex climate question in sufficient depth to be able to support any scientific conclusions. They are all written with a minute subset of the available data that seems to support the pre-selected conclusion. They are devoid of rigorous scientific analysis, and they fail to address conflicting data and alternative theories.
If I did find convincing evidence that human caused climate change was a real threat, then the absolutely last thing I would want is a huge and destructive government program that would greatly increase the probability of human extinction by interfering with useful scientific and technological developments.
"...Attempts to weaken hurricanes intensified by climate change don't work..."
Does "climate change" include both higher and lower atmospheric temperatures? If so, please explain how both higher and lower atmospheric temperatures intensify Atlantic hurricanes.
There is no such thing as MAN MADE global warming. There are thousands of scientists, worldwide, who totally agree that it's all a hoax and they have the evidence to back it up.
At least half the "facts" reported by parallel are widely reported but are still wrong. Before relying on "facts" please make sure of the ultimate source, not repeated words taken out of context. And I disagree with the statement that the rise in sea level is constant over many years. I live on a tidal creek, and I have seen the average high tide nearly cover my pier, even though when I moved into my house 30 years ago, there was more margin than today, and even though I raised the deck of the pier by the width of a standard 2" x 6" timber.
One thing I never see in the context of discussions about global warming is one of the most important reasons many scientists believe in global warming. From the time the US began taking meteorological readings across the country, statisticians have had a heyday calculating the standard deviation for temperature highs and lows, rain fall, snow fall, number of days it is sunny, number of days it rains, what the wind speed is, how much flooding we have, etc. For most of the first hundred years or so of records, the standard deviations across the country were reasonably constant for all of these variables (the standard deviation is a measure of variability of data, and is used in many different fields other than meteorology). Once you calculate both the mean of the data and the standard deviation, you can say that about 68% of the time, your data will be within one standard deviation of the mean. You can also say that the data will be within twice the standard deviation about 95% of the time. The hundred year flood is based on about three standard deviations of the mean rainfall.
Now the pertinent point. In the last 20 or so years, the standard deviation of many meteorological measurements has become unstable from year to year, and has gotten much larger than in previous years. This variability has now made predictions of hundred year floods or hurricanes or droughts impossible. And the increase in variability is likely due to heat trapping gases in the atmosphere, because that is the one factor that has significantly changed in the last hundred years. The reason meteorologists cannot say that Sandy is due to global warming is that we've always had variability in hurricanes. Was Sandy a one in a thousand hurricane in the paradigm of one hundred years ago? or a one in a hundred hurricane in a new paradigm? There is no way to tell just by looking at the severity of the storm. The only way to tell is to watch hurricane severity over the next hundred years to allow recalculating the standard deviation of storms
The thing is that if people would use their own eyes and ears and observe the world around them, and learn a little about how statistics works, and how the scientific method works, and what a theory about something really means, then it becomes difficult to disbelieve global warming. I hear people complaining about not correcting for "urban heat islands" and other likely insignificant items as reason to disbelieve global warming. OK, disregard such data. Why don't you ask the local allergists how the current allergy season compares with that of 30 years ago? How about checking for when bird migrations are occurring now compared with 30 years ago? How about how far up mountains the mosquitoes are able to survive now compared to 30 years ago? The Department of Agriculture has released new growing zones showing that most plants can be grown effectively one zone further north than a hundred years ago. Pick nearly any phenomenon that you can observe yourself, and honestly evaluate what is going on. That also means becoming conversant in using statistics to evaluate random appearing data. Once you apply statistics properly (using techniques refined in factories across the world that build widgets and all the other items of contemporary society) to your data, it will become increasingly obvious that something is happening.
Yes, why don't we just throw away all historical data and relate to only the last 30 years? Then it makes it so much easier to say man Created Golbal Warming because you get to ignore the entire series of data from the Medieval Warm Period that indicates warming periods such as these were common long before man ever had the ability to influence it.
Ignore data and point out that the sky is falling; nice piece of science that...
@Harr1son - If you have to ask the question of why this country is great you probably don't live here. If you do you are probably a left wing extremist, which is completely up to you AND your right! Problem is you want freedom of speech but only if that speech agrees with your views.
You say that everyone should have their opinions and you shouldn't knock them but that's all that you do when someone doesn't agree with your view, you mock them. Perfect example is your comment "# of adults who believe angels are real (wow, scary)" Do you know for a FACT they do not exist? So what if people do believe that and in a higher power? How does it affect you? You obviously believe in a higher power as in the scientists and everything they say is the truth, right? Another example of you can believe what you want but only if you agree with me.
Again, what makes this country great is freedom and liberty. Stop trying to take it away from people because there are others who do not share your ideals and views of the world.
Things are not perfect in the US but it is by far the best place to live as far as freedom and choices and being able to do ANYTHING you want to do in life. If you do in fact live here and think it is so terrible there is an easy choice for you, move somewhere else that you think is better for you. This is not a prison (unlike some other countries) you can leave whenever you want.
Oh and I did just look outside, its raining and has been for almost the last 3 weeks or so....Oh and I live in an area that had a drought this summer. The earth has a way of balancing things out....or maybe its because I switched to my hemp powered car. You be the judge.
Cubicle
Ok, facts. So, we say that man-made global warming is false. So, let's look at some concrete examples. Cities, typically have an average temp. of +1-3F over the rural regions around them, caused by smog (including CO2 and NO2, the same chemicals responsible for global warming). So, if these chemicals can keep our cities warmer (Urban Heat Islands: http://amsglossary.allenpress.com/glossary/search?id=urban-heat-island1).
Building on that, since ALL the compiled truths and facts about global warming are NOT going to be believed by any of you non-believers in AGW,this is a concrete, FACT-BASED, example of pollution affecting our atmosphere. Now, if cities get warmer by pollution compared to surrounding areas, lets look at the earth vs. space.
Surpirse, we are warmer! Only problem is, if the earth is like a big city, it keeps getting warmer. Where a city will eventually have its smog dispersed and cool off, the earth has no where to go, so we keep warming (Check out FACT BASED evidence of that: http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sotc/global/2011/13) This demonstates the earth's ave. temp from 1950 until now (a time where all yo critics claim the earth hasn't heated any more than usual).
Last, when they finally came out and said that we've had warming periods in the past on our planet are right. But everyone that is a critic of global warming must have STOPPED reading that article when they say that ( gave themselves a pat on the back and said "there, proof its fake") When really, this article goes on to point out that although the earth has warmed naturally in the past, and although our expected rise in temp based on man-attributed to global warming is the same rise they saw in the past, OURS IS HAPPENING FASTER! (Especially then the last warming period: Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum or PETM). Source: http://www.newscientist.com/article/dn11647-climate-myths-its-been-far-warmer-in-the-past-whats-the-big-deal.html
All of this being said, I will agree that it is not ALL man caused, maybe not even 40% our fault, but we are in there at some point and if you critics can't even grudgingly admit that we MAY, if only as small as 1%, play a role in global warming, then its like talking to a wall.
Give me some hardcore facts, or link me to some sources that say we have ABSOLUTELY NO LINK to global warming, ZERO, and maybe I'll believe you, but even the critics of global warming I've read about aren't stupid enough to say that humans have NO effect whatsoever.
Now Cubicle, read my last post and tell me that I am not open to other opinions. And whatever you are saying about my beliefs is Hipocritical, as it appears the same to you. Your way or the Highway. I have admitted that there is evidence linking it to others causes and am not saying it is 100% man caused, but if you won't even go as far as saying that maybe, possibly, 1% of the warming happening could be resulting from us (man) then I would say you are on an even bigger extreme then me!
But read it, cited facts on there for you, if you have some cited facts for me, I would like to see them. And I would like to apologize for my alst comment on Angels, you are right, I don't know if they are real.
Of course the climate is in a constant state of change, no reasonable person would dispute that, but it does seem to be changing at an unprecedented rate. The human race, in a mere 200 millennia, has affected the environment more than any other species - ever. Since the discovery of fossil fuels, we have affected the environment more than all previous generations of humanity, combined.
Regardless of where your opinion lies - who cares if anthropogenic global warming is real or not? Wouldn't you rather err on the side of caution when it comes to catastrophic destruction of the environment? The mere possibility should be enough to convince us all that change is needed.
Please stop politicizing this issue. We all have to live here - conservatives and liberals alike. I think we can all agree that it's a bad idea to set fire to our home. Put your politics back in your pants, and get a grip on reality.
There is no global warming....
That's what the highly trained meteorologist Wiki-Waki-Ken says about Hurricane Sandy on Wikipedia. It's true and they would never put anything on the internet that wasn't true....
Where did I hear that ? On the internet...
Seriously....I think the jury is still out on the Global Warming thing but I do admit from my reading that we have "enhanced" a natural cycle. We may have made storms a bit worse during this cycle. I would rather wait and see where this trend is going. However, we need to remember places that lost lives due to super storms....like Joplin, Mo. and other places.