Feature
Ten students who are improving MRIs, cancer treatments and human-robot interaction--between classes, of course

Javier Fernandez-Han:  Peter Han

JAVIER FERNANDEZ-HAN

High School: Homeschool, Conroe, Texas
Invention: All-in-one waste, food and energy system

While visiting the 2005 World Exposition in Japan, Javier Fernandez-Han and his family came across a mock refugee camp staged by Doctors Without Borders. “I didn’t know people lived in those situations, without drinkable water, food and shelter,” he says. “I realized I wanted to focus on systems for sustainable living.” In 2009, at the age of 15, he began to integrate existing and modified devices such as a water pump and a flush latrine into an all-in-one system for refugee camps and small villages in the developing world. Among other functions, his invention treats sewage, turns harmful gases including methane into fuel for algae, and produces oxygen and algae biomass that can feed livestock. Later that year, he won the Ashoka Lemelson Excellence Award for the device. Soon he began to wonder: If he created this system by himself, what could a whole team of inventors do? He founded two groups, Inventors Without Borders and Innovation Foundry, in which teenagers collaborate on problems such as hunger, lack of access to education, and poor air quality.

College: Fernandez-Han hopes to study industrial design at Stanford University.

GABRIEL SEE

Gabriel See:  Valerie Au

High School: Renaissance School of Art and Reasoning, Sammamish, Wash.
Invention: Lego robot for automated DNA assembly

At the age of nine, Gabriel See joined his high school’s robotics team. By 11, he had mastered every high-school science and math course available in his district and enrolled in undergraduate and graduate courses at the University of Washington. See had worked with several commercial liquid-handling systems—devices that use robotic arms and motorized pipettes to measure, transfer, and control liquid in precise quantities—but knew that the equipment’s $10,000–$50,000 price tag made them unaffordable to all but the best-endowed labs. So, at the university’s pathology lab, he invented a simple system that uses Lego Mindstorm programmable construction toys. Within a year, he finished the system using firmware from the Carnegie Mellon Robotics Lab and software that he wrote himself. It can transfer as little as five microliters (slightly larger than the tip of a ballpoint pen), the amount demanded by such projects as DNA assembly. The system costs just $750, making it affordable to small universities and start-up companies. The device won the silver medal in MIT’s 2009 iGEM competition.

College: See still has to learn to drive and to go to prom, but he’s already hoping to study computational biology at MIT.

Sara Volz:  Sara Volz

SARA VOLZ

High School: Cheyenne Mountain High School, Colorado Springs, Colo.
Invention: Improved efficiency of algae derived biofuel

Sara Volz insists she’s not some “crunchy” Colorado teenager. She hikes, skis, and camps with her family, but she’d rather spend her time conducting experiments. Volz decided at an early age that she wanted to help do away with fossil-fuel consumption, and in the seventh grade, began studying alternative fuels. As a high-school freshman, she began testing hemp oil as a potential biofuel source before reading several journal articles about algae-based fuel. After talking local alternative-fuel energy companies and labs into familiarizing her with the field and equipment, she set up a photobioreactor and a novel medium in which to grow algae at home. She has manipulated the growth conditions to limit the algae’s supply of nitrogen, and suspects that the manipulation increases transcription of an enzyme that enables the algae to accumulate more oil. “The whole idea is so appealing,” she says, “making oil from pond scum.” Next she will test whether extra copies of the enzyme’s genes cause the algae to produce more oil, which would mean higher yields of oil per acre.

College: Volz wants to attend an Ivy League or small liberal-arts school with a strong research focus. She plans to study biochemistry or molecular biology.

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10 Comments

VERY thankful that two of these young inventors were from my home state (TEXAS!) and at least one was home-schooled!

I have known a few adults that were home schooled as children. I will just say they don't adapt well to society. And leave it at that.

I love the kids using tin to create more effective radiation therapy. Making existing treatments more effective AND at an affordable price is definitely the sort of inspired thinking that will change our everyday world.

Boka, these are the type of people locked in basements provided with huge funding to dedicate their lives to research for the greater good. The have no lives..

Thanks to them, I have a cooler that throws me a beer on command.

Keep on researching you researchers. we love ya

i like the last one, algae based fuels should be more fleshed out than what they are, think about it, the algae scrubs the air of C02 constantly, so it is either really small or possibly even carbon neutral. but like all other plans for alternate energy it needs to be convenient, scalable, and effective.

for instance, i understand gas, petroleum gas, it is simple, it burns, that expands, pushing a piston, bam the work is done. i don't quite understand fuel cells, you have two plates one copper the other God knows what, you pass water or something between them, ????, profit? also i can get gas at a gas station, what i can't get at a gas station is a battery for an electric car.

another example is that the coal operation is massive, there are coal plants in just about every state providing large quantities of electricity, i think the last time i checked it was bringing in 30% of ameria's electricity where as alternate fuels combined brought in 5% so the scale is what has really been hindering that.

finally the energy density of gas has not been seen in many other things, the only way that we come close is by creating processes to create the same oil, which usually don't pan out, or is nuclear.

which brings me to my final subject, lets go nuclear, seriously it isn't as dangerous as people make it out to be, the rise in background radiation around nuclear reactors drops off completely after the first 1000 feet, and we already seem to be digging ourselves a nice oil filled grave so why don't we make it interesting and have it glow?

to mars or bust!

Agreed !! Great article! I know many home school kids that excel specially in Science and math; Hopefully this helps other parents understand how home school works these days; Kids go to home school groups weekly and have exposure to way more hands on activities than regular school kids.

Numbers don't lie, if you check the stats you will see great amount of home school kids entering very exclusive universities and performing very well.

Check out this girl for example, had she not had the opportunity to study at home science would had miss on a huge scientist. (Canada lost her)

see the web link at:

ted.com/talks/eva_vertes_looks_to_the_future_of_medicine.html

Eva Vertes found herself on the road to international science superstardom recently, after she found a compound that successfully prevents nerve cells from dying in an Alzheimer’s disease cellular model. Her research has extraordinary implications in the race to find a cure for Alzheimer’s disease. What’s even more remarkable is that Vertes made her discovering while working on her Grade 10 science fair project.

Several awards, scholarships and prestigious research opportunities soon followed (including a mentorship with neurologist Dr. Michael Rathbone at McMaster University in Hamilton, as well as year-long stint in Chieti, Italy, working with one of Rathbone’s colleagues). In fact, she was so busy with her research, Vertes decided to complete high school via correspondence, a fact that did not sit well with Canadian university admissions boards. She was rejected by all three Canadian schools, but was eagerly pursued by officials at Princeton University, who offered her a scholarship.

After Princeton, Vertes plans on attending Harvard for medical school and to obtain her PhD, so that she can continue her research.

The CO filtration system for car exhaust sounds interesting. There might also be ways to adjust the temperatures needed for the optimal algae growth/CO2 capture. On a large scale, coal power companies could use this to grow algae that creates bio-fuel. A win-win-win, clean energy, clean air, and the bonus of a bio-fuel bi-product.

@boka May I remind you that this is a science themed website. Therefore, it might be expected that comments might be expected to be logical. If I were to say something like "I saw two blue monkeys, therefore all monkeys must be blue...let's leave it at that", I would be seen as pretty ridiculous and not credible. This is how you have portrayed yourself. Did you do a thorough study on these two homeschoolers? Did you find conclusive results that they didn't "adapt well to society"? What are your measures of adaptation to society? Since I am fairly certain that you didn't do this, maybe you should check out some of the *real* studies that have been done on homeschoolers over the past thirty years that show that they are actually higher on measures of social success than the general population. Maybe you also need to remember that schools have only been around for approximately the last 150 years, and before that everyone was homeschooled. So, according to your conclusion, I guess that would mean that all of society did not adapt well to society in that time period.

@ boka:

There is EVERYTHING wrong with your statement. It does not matter to you that every one of these young people have already been far more productive in their few short years than you ever will be... you find some pointless detail to criticize them in the same way all gifted kids are growing up-- having to ignore bullies and tormentors such as yourself.

Did you happen to notice that no other commentors agreed with you, and several have openly condemned your attempt to belittle these individuals? (I DON'T want to call them "kids"... it sounds disrepectful in light of their accomplishments.) You did not offer a SINGLE word of acknowledgment! Of the many of us that have read this article, and then read your response, tell me: do you think we'd all rather be living with all them as neighbors, or with a bunch of clones of a clown such as yourself?!

Your comments are NOT appreciated... if you had any intelligence at all, you'd actually be doing something constructive rather than trying to tear down and attack someone that's actually a contributor!

To all of you mentioned in this article-- we all praise your work, and will be looking forward to seeing the wonderful things you'll be doing in the coming years.

@ Ms. Bagley:

Thank you so much for the article, but could you please make a special effort to print the names correctly? Is his name spelled Matt Feddersen (4 spellings) or Matt Fedderson (2 spellings?) Please correct the article.

It really is discouraging to see what has happened to Pop Sci over the years-- go back over articles written in the 60's or 70's, and you will notice that stories were obviously edited much more critically than they are today-- typos were very uncommon, and when they did occur, they were usually mistakes that were more difficult to catch, such as the transposition of a couple of digits of the boiling point of some liquid. Today, it is common to find multiple errors in a single article. Unlike mags covering fashion, entertainment, or many other topics, accuracy is important in magazines covering science and technology.
e
Free online publishing is nearly ubiquitous, which means that dedicated proofreaders and fact-checkers are now nearly non-existent, but there is a creative solution.

After completing an article, writers or editors can email individuals such as myself or anyone else that posts comments regularly on Pop Sci, and you can make a simple, gracious, dignified request: "Dear So-and-So: we appreciate your ongoing comments submitted to our magazine. Try as we might, we still sometimes commit the occasional typo, and, without the funding for a proofreading staff that we once had, we would ever so much appreciate it if we could occasionally forward articles to you prior to publication so that you might help us correct the errors we fail to catch ourselves. This is entirely voluntary, of course, and it would be done gratis, but is this a favor we could ask of you from time to time?"

I'd be willing to wager you'd find that many readers with excellent language skills would be overjoyed to help you-- many are likely to be retired, and would be eager to use their brains for something a little more purposeful than just doing crosswords and Sudoku. I would love to see that become the accepted norm of publishing, not just for Pop Sci, but for all forms of online publishing, and it would help to keep editing standards at acceptable levels.

For other readers that feel as I do, please let Pop Sci know that you'd like to offer your proofreading help.

I thank you, as do all of your readers, for continuing to keep us informed.



June 2013: American Energy Independence

Five amazing, clean technologies that will set us free, in this month's energy-focused issue. Also: how to build a better bomb detector, the robotic toys that are raising your children, a human catapult, the world's smallest arcade, and much more.


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