Metamaterials can be used to create desktop black holes and simulate multiverses; now a physicist is using them to prove time travel can’t happen.
In a new paper, University of Maryland professor and metamaterial theorist Igor Smolyaninov says mapping light distribution in a metamaterial can serve as a model for the flow of time. The model shows that the forward direction of time is unrelenting; you cannot curve back on time and go back to where you started. You just have to build a desktop Big Bang to prove it.
Metamaterials can help with this, because they are engineered to exhibit properties that don’t exist naturally. You can manipulate a metamaterial to make space-like dimensions appear time-like, Smolyaninov writes. The way that light moves in such a metamaterial is akin to the way that a particle moves through spacetime (click through to Tech Review’s arXiv blog for a more thorough explainer).In such a metamaterial, the pattern of light rays spreads out — the separation of their “world lines” increases — as time goes by. And the light scatters, which is an analogue for entropy, the thermodynamic arrow of time that tells us things fall apart.
To test this theory, Smolyaninov and a colleague built a Big Bang simulator, placing plastic strips on a gold substrate. Tech Review explains that the “light rays” shining through it are actually plasmons (a clump of excited electrons in a conducting material) that propagate across the surface of the metal. The plastic strips distort their light.
So why does this show time travel is impossible? Smolyaninov says that while light rays can be curved and appear to turn back on themselves, they would not be in a time-like dimension when they do so. And any light ray traveling in a time-like dimension would not be able to go back to its former location.
On the plus side, Smolyaninov has already showed how metamaterials can help us study extra-dimensional multiverses. So even if we can't travel back in time, maybe we could visit alternate universes, in which the past was already different.
Five amazing, clean technologies that will set us free, in this month's energy-focused issue. Also: how to build a better bomb detector, the robotic toys that are raising your children, a human catapult, the world's smallest arcade, and much more.


Online Content Director: Suzanne LaBarre | Email
Senior Editor: Paul Adams | Email
Associate Editor: Dan Nosowitz | Email
Assistant Editor: Colin Lecher | Email
Assistant Editor: Rose Pastore | Email
Contributing Writers:
Rebecca Boyle | Email
Kelsey D. Atherton | Email
Francie Diep | Email
Shaunacy Ferro | Email
on the contrary, we are all time traveling at a constant rate of one s/s.
Perhaps, but relative to each other, we are not all traveling one s/s.
Nice work, but calling time travel impossible, when looking at all the things called impossible in history, just makes it more probable :)
Rebecca you come from the future and are heading to the past :D.
This doesn't prove anything. This is just some guy who wanted to get some publicity and seem smart by presenting some stuff in a complicated way where nobody would be able to understand it fully and prove him wrong.
"Metamaterials can help with this, because they are engineered to exhibit properties that don’t exist naturally."
Ummmm, creating something that can't exist naturally is supposed to prove something that is natural?
I call BS.
First of all, science isn't about proving anything... it is about narrowing down the possibilities. The scientific method is all about testing to see if a hypothosis is wrong, not right. If it isn't wrong then it is a possibility, because new information may dispute it. People really need to understand this. They even mentioned in the paper that they "CANNOT PROVE THIS" in the experiment.
Sliders ftw love that show
"new
nebulation
04/06/11 at 2:09 pm
This doesn't prove anything. This is just some guy who wanted to get some publicity and seem smart by presenting some stuff in a complicated way where nobody would be able to understand it fully and prove him wrong."
If you dont understand anything,so how can you say that this is not a valid proof.It is not because you dont understand a thing that it is not true.Also,it is not necessarily a absolute proof,but just another clue of what nearly all the scientist were already certain of.
i dont understand the thing very well,but sometimes you just have to be confident in the ones who have the knowledge and the understanding,or become one of these.
Emmett Brown proved time travel back in the 80s. The totally factual and completely true documentary was quite popular. Why do we still question it?
Linear time is subject to light and what property yet to be discovered which holds its timestamp. When we discover its timestamp and are able to recreate that light we will illuminate the past and even the future and can be illuminated to those times as well. A flashlight that illuminates lights timestamp and algorithms to move in either direction forward or Merlin style....UFO's are just such time travellers and my theory the discovery.
That's the whole goal this "scientist" is trying to do- make people believe that time travel is not possible so that he can get publicity, get his claim published, and more things. He's using his background as a person with some knowledge in the field as an advantage so that people will believe him more since they don't know that kind of stuff. I know too that something as cool as time travel is surely not something to be dismissed because some guy thought he figured something out.
This article is saying time travel in THIS dimension is impossible. But if you could travel to a higher (4th)dimension then yes you could go back in time then re-enter the 3rd dimension at an earlier date.
There's a reason why the past is called the past. It's past you can't do anything about it. Etch what you've done in stone because that's where it's staying. But I only speak in terms of knowing to this date. The fact that there is still so little that we understand about what makes anything in this universe work I don't think a flimsy human brain can comprehend all the possibilities at hand. We've stopped light in a laboratory, why is there a limit on the speed of light? What does is this significance? We cannot at this point in time (haha) move beyond that and I feel like we are stuck being three dimensional beings to be doomed to move so linearly through time. Should a person find a way to transcend this dimension maybe time travel forward or back may be possible. Good luck to us.
Time travel isn't possible. It doesn't matter how fast you go or how much space you can bend, you're still arriving at your destination in normal time. You could leave our galaxy at 12:00:00 and arrive at the next at 12:00:01, which is many times faster then the speed of light, but you're still arriving at 12:00:01. The people back on earth aren't going to be a thousand years older, they're going to be 00:00:01 older, just like you. You could travel all the way back in another 00:00:01 second and the people on earth would have only aged by 00:00:02 since your departure and re-arrival, just like you.
I don't believe time travel is possible but if it is my hypothesis is that the laws of conservation would still apply. I theorize that if time travelers came from the future it would happen as follows:
properties of the bermuda triangle would make it possible (somehow).
bringing matter and energy from the future would require taking an equal amount of matter from our time to theirs.
as a time traveler arrives in our time a pilot flying above the bermuda triangle and other areas of the world that have similar properties, would unfortunately be taken to the future, or atleast parts of their aircraft, depending on the size of the time travelers aircraft (ufo...) if its possible then the government would most likely make a facility to house all those old planes and boats from our time...maybe we already do the same with theirs (area 51, etc.)
time slows down proportionate to its velocity... this has already been proven by einstien.... so if you get on a ship traveling very fast you will age slower than the people here on earth.... when you get back you will essentially have traveled to the future. This time "distortion" is already well documented.... gps and all other satelites have to compensate for this time variance to give exact coordinates. Its a long complicated story folks... but whatever this story is about.... time can be made to slow down... now i dont know if you can call this "time travel" but.... at least travel into the future IS possible and we dont need alot of mumbo-jumbo to prove it. Just two clocks... identical.... put one on a fast vehicle... the other stationary... already been done... works.
Today's magic is tomorrow's technology.
"Time travel isn't possible. It doesn't matter how fast you go or how much space you can bend, you're still arriving at your destination in normal time."
I cant stand absolute statements like this. like someone else said. history is filled with "impossible" that are very much the everyday reality for all of us. We are learning so many new things everyday, new physics, new dimensions, new understanding of everything. sure no matter how fast we go or how much we bend space, but what if we break it? what if we unlock the extreme fundamentals of string theroy and can control anything and everything. i mean the very vibration of the universe. might take a while... but just saying.
The truth is we know nothing. What we should be spending our time on is developing an A.I. Our puny human brains can't comprehend all the knowledge in the universe.
@ Hellaciouss
GGenua is right. Time dilation describes the phenomena where object traveling closer and closer to the speed of light will experience time at a different rate than an observer moving at a slower speed. This is like GGenua states a documented occurrence.
Using the formula: \Delta t' = \frac{\Delta t}{\sqrt{1-v^2/c^2}} you can see that the traveler moving at a high velocity observes a longer period of time that another stationary observer would see on the some clock.
A "moving" system is the same as a "resting" system from the perspective of those doing the measuring within the system. Einstein, 1905
i call b.s. Quantum entanglement proves that information can be transferred over large distances in space and the information actually arrives before it is sent. Look it up. Is that not time travel occurring naturally?
I'm pretty sure I remember reading about some experiments that sent photons back in time...
"Most people see time as linear, cause and effect. It's actually more complicated than that; it's Wibbly Wobbly Timely Wimey Stuff."
Obviously the doctor objects to these experiments.
Strictly speaking however, Special/General Relativity tells us that time travel is possible. Yes, relativity is just a theory. But it has undergone much more stress and testing than this guy's, and I am, for now, more inclined to believe Einstein.
I don't get it. Maybe I'm just being stupid here, but what I hear from this is the following: "We made this material in which plasmons sort of act like time. And since the plasmons can't bend backwards on their trajectory, time must not be able to, either." Is that about the gist of it?
In that case, my vodka acts like water, and since vodka doesn't freeze at 0-degrees Celsius, I can safely assume my 0-degree water will be a liquid.
Or have I missed something here?
-IMP ;) :)
@Aldrons Last Hope... We already live in 4 dimensions buddy, they call it space/time, 3 of space and 1 of time....
Hellacious is crackin me up, where did he get that explanation? Sounds like some kind of elementary school logic, lol...
I think "time travel" is commonly understood as existing in one time and then through some process, appearing in another time. Traveling very very fast in space or being frozen for a long period is not true time travel. Time travel into the future is as unlikely as travel to the past.
As for Einstein, he believed (as do scientists today) that one of the solutions to his equations that leads to time travel, is a false mathematical solution. There are many examples in mathematics where there are multiple solutions ... some of which are false (impossible).
Although I have no real understanding of the experiment in the article, it seems a really poor analogy. I agree with you, IceMetalPunk! This fellow is comparing apples to universes.
@Ancient Astronaut
It seems to me that everything you said about quantum entanglement is wrong. That phenomena is odd enough without adding such falsehoods!
I have had this argument a million times and my big question dealing with time is that we created time. How are we sure that all these theories are true if they are based on something that we could've incorrectly created. It would be similar to saying that if we go faster then the speed of light an inch becomes shorter?!
How do we not know that because of the high speeds our instruments for measuring time are not flawed? This would cause the time being registered to be wrong but still the same amount of "time" has passed. If I travel around the galaxy faster then the speed of light my watch may say it took me 1 year while on earth ours say 2 years but did my molecules indeed age slower? Will I now live a year longer than my twin?
what if... because of the intense speeds, gravity, and cetrifugal force, the movement of electrons are slowed. Would this not indeed cause the timers built into microprocessors to also be slightly slowed?
There may be an answer to this already but no one has been able to convince me either way.
@ fuerstjh
I think the statement that 'we created time' is misleading. We did not create time or any other measurable quantity. We measure quantities, the earth's rotation is relatively constant so we called that a day and divided it into hours minutes, etc.
At non-relativistic speeds time is well defined at plays critical roles in many calculations that when used produce expected results. Since we use the defined values of time in these equations it stands to reason we probably have it right.
At relativistic speeds things do become more complicated and there many theories. Here you maybe right there is much we don't know because we can't prove it. We don't have anything we can build that can travel at anywhere near the speed of light.
Also note that satellites and orbital vehicles orbiting earth are only traveling at a very small fraction of the speed of light (not~ intense speed, gravity, centrifugal force) and their time measuring devices aka clocks do not run at the same rate as clocks stationary on the earth's surface. This phenomena does match our predictions and calculations of time though there is still so much out there that we don't yet know.
In short I think no one knows what strange things may happen as you approach C.... yet.
--I am not busy because I did it right the first time.
@fuerstjh
Also, we do at least have prove of time differential. Atomic clocks, which are 100% (no rounding here no matter how close) accurate, start together (also, by the way an electron clock works, side effects such as the ones you mentioned don't apply. Nothing can). One is put on a satellite for a few years, other stays put. Afterwards, the clocks are different, if only slightly. This does not happen if the clocks are side by side. This is actually tried and proved. Even if special relativity ends up being false, this is for certain true.
So we know that time slows down at a faster relative speed. Therefore we know without a doubt, that at a high enough speed (you don't have to surpass the speed of light), one can age slower.
Also, even if there were some sort of interference, it would be fantastic. This is because the atomic clock difference matches up with the math used in relativity, and relativity being wrong together with interference causing such perfect results is highly unlikely.
lol Emmett Brown
if anyone thinks someone has false info elaborate. Spooky action at a distance, I believe, is related to time travel. Yes it is a strange phenomenon, but Far out man, you added nothing other than "You're wrong I'm right" to my point. Quantum entanglement experiments have shown odd results. Manipulate a particle, another separate particle linked to the initial is affected. sometimes these effects happen before the manipulation has been completed. Time travel. Far Out man is an ignorant bafoon who has nothing to contribute to life in general. You're wrong, I'm right.