
It could be an aerial photo of an oil spill: liquid spheres pooling, oozing, dwarfing a bedraggled landscape. I half expect to zoom in on poisoned seal pups or waterbirds dragging their oil-soaked feathers. But the scene is microscopic. The “landscape” is made of E. coli. And what’s happening is exactly the opposite of what it seems. The little bugs aren’t drowning in fuel. They’re making it.
I’m watching this image on a computer screen at Amyris Biotechnologies in Emeryville, California, where one of the founders, biologist Jack Newman, is giving me a tour. The genetically manipulated E. coli before me are highly crafted units of industrial production, which Amyris is using to turn sugar into novel versions of gasoline, jet fuel and diesel—in other words, the fuels on which the world already runs. Amyris is one of a handful of young biofuel companies putting a brilliant and weird twist on the future of green. It’s betting that, with the help of bacteria, the long-term answer to our gasoline woes will actually be . . . gasoline.
Because as it stands, the main alternative to petroleum, ethanol (a type of alcohol), is fraught with problems. It can’t be pumped through current infrastructure because it tends to corrode pipelines. And according to University of Minnesota economist Jason Hill, even if all the corn grown in the U.S. were converted to ethanol, it would replace only some 12 percent of the 146 billion gallons of gasoline we use every year. Cellulosic ethanol—fuel produced from the cellulosic matter contained in plant stalks and stems rather than from seeds—would solve that problem, but the technology to produce it on a large scale is still a way off. Plus, ethanol simply isn’t as energy dense as petroleum-based fuels.
This is why a growing number of scientists have begun to look to the microbial world for new, environmentally sound ways to make good old-fashioned gasoline. If microbes can be manipulated to turn, say, sugarcane into hydrocarbon fuel—and each new sugarcane crop absorbs most of the carbon dioxide that’s emitted by burning the fuel made from the previous crop—then you’ve got oil-free, nearly carbon-neutral gasoline. It may sound far-fetched, but the evidence is in this picture; oily blobs of hydrocarbons pool around the cells in a pattern that looks like a lava-lamp screensaver. “So this is how you’re gonna save the world?” I ask Newman. “Help save the world,” he corrects.
Will jatropha-oil-derived biodiesel be exported to the Europe or the United States by the end of 2008?
Will the Northwest Passage be used for commercial shipping purposes by September 30, 2008?


Comments
I guess it's just one more way we can get out of the corner we'e backed ourselves into.
2 out of 2 people found this comment helpfulGasoline as a renewable resource?
sounds good to me.
1 out of 1 people found this comment helpfulbrilliant
2 out of 3 people found this comment helpfulfrom coral gables, fl
Although this technology has infinite uses and could potentially save us from our oil problems among others, the possibilities are frightening. The ability to build organisms from scratch or to fine tune genes for our own reasons could lead to many unforeseen problems.
2 out of 2 people found this comment helpfulWe should have seen the opposition from the Middle East coming then we could at least had a head start on this problem. Affordable solar-powered cars are a long way off, and ethanol wouldn't really help us that much. Hydrogen is still a long way off also. If nuclear could be controlled more effectively and the radiation contained, then we would be in business. One of the plug-in prius's that my dad tested took the energy that the car used from the batteries and used it to fuel the car. Whenit was coasting or braking it would take that energy and put it back into the batteries. I thought that was really cool.
1 out of 2 people found this comment helpfulThis is a great idea however for it to be mass produced I would guess that funding is incapable of of weighing out rising oil prices. An idea created by a bunch of funny-looking scientists with nothing but a dream is one thing but a nation to support it is another.
0 out of 0 people found this comment helpfulI like the principle but I would like to know more about how accidental releases of these modified bacterias can be controlled.
For example, E.Coli is a bacteria that we have in our intestines and gasoline is carcinogen. I would not want this modified E.Coli in my intestines.
2 out of 2 people found this comment helpfulThey are on the right track. but they are going to have similar problems as ethanol. Corn is not free, sugar is not free. Sure, sugar maybe cheap but as you try supplying the demand to make 12 billion barrels the price is going to go up, farmers will stop growing other crops as sugar is now worth much more and other crops, then other crops become more expensive.
2 out of 2 people found this comment helpfulI would think conversion from a product that is waste, like cellulose or nitrogenous sewer waste would be they way you would want to go. These sources have a decent energy content already and we are paying to dispose of them. Wind and solar energy sources are free yet there are not many companies that are making a "legitimate" profit off the production of energy from these devices. The secret to our problems is to find energy that is naturally produced without significant further expenditure of energy for it's use.
I believe they will produce a great bug that will convert 100% sugar to oil, but they have to envision the roll-out on the global economy to see its feasibility.
A lot of these comments point out the draw backs to this idea as if it were presented as our solution to pumping oil from the ground. This is far from true. Popular Science reports on new emerging technologies that are being concocted in labrotories across the globe. I, for one, enjoy hearing about POSSIBLE breakthroughs in technology that could help supplement future energy needs. I would hate to discourage the folks that devote their lives to research of this kind (even if it's for profit). I'm guessing that there will not be a single solution to the energy crisis but a combination of new sources of energy coupled with conservation efforts will prevail.
JT
0 out of 0 people found this comment helpfulBSME
I hope they can acually do it because it will benfit us all in many ways
0 out of 0 people found this comment helpful