Drywall, plasterboard, wallboard—whatever you call it, the substance that covers billions of square feet of American homes hasn’t changed since its invention in 1917. Dry- wall factories still roast ground-up gypsum rock in 500°F kilns, spewing out 20 billion pounds of greenhouse gases a year. So Serious Materials created EcoRock: a drywall that congeals without heat, uses recycled materials that don’t require mining, and holds up even better.
Several companies use between 37 -95% industrial waste in their plaster board product. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
Zoning laws often forbid tall wind turbines. The Windspire captures breezes at 30 feet and below with a design in which blades run up a pole’s length and spin around it. Contoured airfoils make the Windspire the first vertical-axis turbine that can start in slow winds without help from a motor or inefficient scoops or wings. $5,000; mariahpower.com
The energy you get from wind is directly related to the size of your turbine (vertical footprint or diameter). Make it half as big, get half the harvest. HOWEVER it is exponentially related to wind speed. Use half as fast wind, get 1/4 the energy. While low speed wind turbines are nice to look at (certainly this one) they are not efficient to get a lot of energy. Unless you have good, low speed wind very often. Conventional vertical turbines may need a "push" but that is irrelevant when you can harvest the energy of higher speed winds. Vertical wind turbines are exposed to air close to the ground where it is turbulent and slower. Not efficient. I also wonder what this vertical turbine does in higher wind. No bracing or bearing on top. Will it fall over, rip out the top of your house or get damaged? White is the color of "high-tech", that is why it is white. I think. Why the heck is going off the grid green? It usually is much less energy efficient to live far away from anyone else. In conclusion, depending on your location and situation a horizontal axis wind turbine may get you more power for less money and less head aches. BTW, this is not the first vertical wind turbine that starts up in low speed winds. The first Savonius turbine (which does just that) was invented in 1922, a similar type even in 1745. I saw them on roof tops in Germany 30 years ago. I own a book about this type of wind motor written in 1989. Savonius rotors can still be found rusting away in fields in Vermont. They were not efficient types of turbines though. And maybe this gets posted now. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
Dear EarthTalk: How can I determine if it is more eco-friendly to fly or drive somewhere? -- Christine Matthews, Washington, DC
Abirr: I cannot say whether the data used in the article above is good or not, but the article clearly states that your CO2 emissions are higher per person when you fly in comparison to driving. So, how did you rationally come to the conclusion that flying may be better in some cases???? Explain your conclusions please. How much fuel does a jet transporting 200 people consume? What fuel consumption did you assume for the cars in question? Your statement is completely random and wrong if based on the data in the article above. Is this just your want-to-be-true opinion or is this statement based on data that we can review here please. Doing the right thing for the environment has nothing to do with "believe". This is not a question of faith, this is a question of numbers and data. Stay at home more often. Travel as much as your grand-parents. Depending on the grandparents, that may have been sustainable. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
Dear EarthTalk: How can I determine if it is more eco-friendly to fly or drive somewhere? -- Christine Matthews, Washington, DC
Bud the Chud, I have asked this question before and never received an answer. Maybe you can: Show me one (just one) large, professional science organization that says that global climate change/warming is NOT happening and that humans have not at least partially a responsibility. You know, organizations like the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). Not the opinions or measurements of individual scientists. You can find ANY opinion supported by a website or an individual scientist somewhere. Heck, you don't need to convince anyone before publishing anything on the web. I expect scientists to question the status quo and try to prove theories wrong. That is their job. Once they can prove it to be wrong and others can see and observe the evidence as well, the theory is changed. No, what I am looking for is the carefully phrased and peer-reviewed official statement of a professional science organization that will lose its credibility if it is wrong. You say global warming is not happening. Please don't be offended, but I do not trust you. Show me the professional organizations of the best scientists on this planet that support what you say. Just one. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
According to a book I happened to have here from my local library (Green Building Products) when I stumbled upon this article, there are several companies in the USA that already use post-consumer synthetic gypsum derived from flue-gas desulphurization. Temple-Inland products contain 95% recycled gypsum content. Sheetrock brand panels are made by USG Corporation and their recycled gypsum content was 37% in 2004. Seven of their plants make panels with 97% recycled content. Generally speaking gypsum board seems to be considered a healthy material that can be manufactured from industrial waste. BTW, if a building material traps heat it means that it is slow to let heat or cold flow through the material. Your building inside gets hot/cold if the temperature outside is different. That may be faster if you change your construction methods or if you change your materials. If you install insulating materials if will trap heat/cold more than if you are not installing those materials. Does not matter whether you install them on the exterior or interior. It may have implications on water vapor penetration and air tightness though. It does not matter which way the heat flows. To the inside or to the outside, it either flows or it does not. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
Zoning laws often forbid tall wind turbines. The Windspire captures breezes at 30 feet and below with a design in which blades run up a pole’s length and spin around it. Contoured airfoils make the Windspire the first vertical-axis turbine that can start in slow winds without help from a motor or inefficient scoops or wings. $5,000; mariahpower.com
I have seen low-speed vertical axis wind turbines on roof tops 30 years ago. Some still sit in the country side here in VT rusting away. I own a book dedicated to this type that was written in 1989 ("Der Savonius Rotor"). According to Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savonius_wind_turbine) this type of rotor was invented in 1922, although a similar version exists since 1745. The model above is certainly NOT the first vertical axis turbine to start up at low wind speeds. It is prettier though. And I believe white is the color of choice to indicate "high-tech". Wind speed and enabling the use of the energy of higher winds is far more relevant than the size of the turbine and its look. Double the size of the turbine (the cross-section of the vertical turbine or the diameter of the rotor) and you get twice the energy. If you reduce the "vertical footprint" you reduce the exposure to the wind and gain less wind power. On the other hand, double the wind speed and you get four times the energy. There is nothing wrong with a motor giving a little push IF you get to use the energy-rich higher wind speeds. It pays you back multiple times. A smaller wind turbine designed to run in high winds may give you more energy than a larger one designed to run a lower wind speeds. And it may be cheaper too. Of course you may not have high winds often enough. You have to calculate the gain for the whole year. I would like to know what this turbine does when the wind picks up. Can it handle stronger winds? No wire bracing and a single bearing at the bottom. Pretty long lever I would say. Will it topple over or get damaged in a storm? Will it rip out of your roof? If it needs to be shut down in stronger winds it won't be using the wind that really has energy in it. Another disadvantage is the limited height. Good winds are high up. Winds close to the surface are slower and more turbulent. BTW, how the heck is going off the grid "green"? All is does is get people to live in places far from others and far from work. It is less efficient and pollutes more unless you don't mingle with others, work where you live, and don't need to go shopping ever. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
Everyone knows Halo gamers don't sleep. But now a group of scientists in Sweden have published new research linking violent video games to increased heart rate variability and sleep disruptions.
Doing something exiting makes your heart rate go up and it has negative effects on your sleep? Gee, who would have thought! Good to have research done, but even my grand-parents knew that. Anybody with kids knows that. Anybody knows that. I wonder what effects doing something soothing may have. I am probably going out on a limb here, but I hypothesize that it will lower the heart rate and result in more, and better sleep (although the participants of this fictional study group may not report this). Karsten
Ten years of toil for a ride lasting less than two minutes -- that's the trade a team of Britain's finest engineers, mechanics and speed junkies have made for a chance to break the century-old speed record for a steam-powered vehicle. Using propane to turn 10 gallons of water a minute into superheated steam, they expect their 25-foot-long Steam Car to top out at 170, shattering the record by more than 40 mph.
So it is basically fossil fuel powered, right? Considering some people from VT have built a land yacht 1n 1999 and reached speeds above 115 mph with wind power alone, using fossil fuels today to break a record is not that significant. (http://www.harborwatch.com/news/new_land_speed_record.htm) How about a record breaker powered by wood? That would be renewable and the technology developed might be meaningful and relevant in today's world. I don't know if such a racing class even exists. How about it Popular Science, putting some prize money out for such a challenge? Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
I applaud Popular Science! Unfortunately it is not science that moves the world (anymore). It should be, but politicians have operated way too long without our feed-back. Popular science and profitable technology (both are quite popular with politicians) have drifted away from science into fairy-land. It is time to check in on that. The fact that "popular" science has become so impractical and unrealistic is especially worrisome in my opinion. This is exactly what the people in power want. Rational thinkers out of the way in their own personal playground. You have to ask yourself, do you support science fiction or science? If you support science fiction, the separation of science and technology from real issues is desirable. If you support science you need to find ways to strengthen its position and influence. This requires involvement in politics. If you don't vote - don't complain. Ignoring current politics is just as good as not voting. Scientists and technologists need to be heard again with the voice they give themselves. The world cannot afford that we continue to just dream up ideas that have little to do with the real world. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
When it comes to climate change, a quick fix won't do. Science published a paper Friday from the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) which concludes that a proposed plan to inject the atmosphere with sulfate particles in order to cool the planet would actually have dire consequences.
I have a BIG problem with romantic thinkers when it comes engineering or science and that (unfortunately) includes many environmentalists. What is it that makes me unreasonable or too emotional (considering the urgency of our situation and the dumb decisions that are made, one of which you describe so well)? There are MANY environmentalists who have warned that ethanol production as it has been promoted would create havoc like it may begin to show now. What data shows that we have enough agricultural land to allow us to grow enough of any fuel crop to satisfy our current energy needs AND grow the same amount of food crops at the same prices? Are you one who has romantic dreams about tech-solutions that do not require habit changes while simultaneously calling me irrational and my words and actions "emoting"? Why would ANYONE care about ANY ethanol production if it was not for the "alarmists" (= people who are concerned about global climate change or energy shortages) you blame for other ethanol production? Nobody can take credit for the slow awakening of the world's population to those issues other than those "alarmists". BTW, part of the idea of scientific thinking is that one adjusts according to new data whether it is convenient or not. It is perfectly acceptable that data showing certain projects may cause more harm than good is considered before those projects are implemented. It would be a sign of poor reasoning if we ignored it. This said, I wish we would drop a few ideas we continue to use even though they have proven do more harm than good in the long run. Long term thinking is not our strength is seems. Popularity (and that includes MANY superficially "green" concepts) wins all too often. Karsten -- http://www.polluteless.com Practical Advice to Pollute Less
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