Why We Need Them
Robotics can´t yet mimic insects´ flying abilities, so scientists are developing controllable cyborg butterflies that could fly sample-collection missions through buildings.
How They Work
A chip, implanted during the pupal stage, could control locomotion, monitor the air, and override instincts to feed, mate, and avoid certain environments.
Deployment
Darpa has solicited public proposals but hasn´t announced a winner. Scientists are in the early stages of research; a final product is years away.
Drawbacks
Implanting a chip in a developing insect could stunt its growth and damage its ability to fly as an adult.
Why We Need Them
Waterborne parasites sicken some 900,000 Americans every year, and public reservoirs are highly vulnerable to terrorist attack.
How They Work
Slight impurities drive big changes in bluegills´ vitals. Sensors in the tank monitor the fish and sound an alarm when things get out of whack.
Deployment
The fish stand guard at reservoirs in New York, California and Maryland, where they´ve detected pesticides and a diesel spill.
Drawbacks
Bluegills respond indiscriminately to a broad range of contaminants, so technicians must follow up with other tests to pinpoint specific hazards