Kepler 11 System Kepler-11 is a sun-like star with six planets. At times, two or more planets pass in front of the star at once, as shown in this artist's conception of a simultaneous transit of three planets observed by NASA's Kepler spacecraft on Aug. 26, 2010. NASA/Tim Pyle

As astronomers continue mining data from the Kepler telescope, the planetary peculiarities keep on coming. We’ve already seen the smallest rocky world, 54 planets in a Goldilocks comfort zone around their stars, and even the possibility of planets sharing the same orbit. Add to that mix planetary resonance and superfast exoplanet "years."

Last month, Kepler scientists announced a trove of 1,235 planetary candidates, at least 15 of which are definitely planets. Scientists are in the process of determining whether the rest of the objects are planets, too, or if they’re binary stars or something else. So far, the Kepler “Objects of Interest” are pretty interesting.

Take KOI 191, which involves four planets in unstable orbits. Jack Lissauer, a co-investigator for the Kepler mission at NASA’s Ames Research Center, tells International Business Times the planets are probably in resonances that keep them in their places — orbits that cross each other but don’t come very close.

This is the case for Pluto and Neptune, which are in a 3:2 resonance. For every three times Neptune orbits the sun, Pluto orbits twice, and the cycle repeats every 500 years. Their dance keeps their orbits stable, which Lissauer says might be the case for KOI 191.

Lissauer and other Kepler scientists submitted a research paper last week saying they had found planets sharing the same orbit, which would be possible if they inhabited a Trojan configuration — named for a Jovian example involving some asteroids. In such a system, involving a planet and a star, there are Lagrange points 60 degrees ahead and 60 degrees behind the planet in which a smaller body can safely orbit. But now, Lissauer says he’s skeptical of this interpretation of KOI 730, and that a resonance system could explain the shared orbits. If that’s the case, the four planets in KOI 730 would have orbits in the resonances 8:6:4:3. In other words, there are two pairs of planets, and each time the first member of the pair makes three orbits, another planet completes four, IB Times explains.

Finally, there’s KOI 500, which has five planets with orbital periods ranging from under one day to 9.5 days. If confirmed, the planets will be in some of the smallest orbits ever found, with the innermost planet staying toasty despite the star’s relatively cool temperature.

Just a few months ago, exoplanets — and especially exoplanet systems — were a rare and compelling find. Now that we know they’re a dime a dozen, their individual characteristics are becoming the most interesting aspect of exoplanet research. Stay tuned as more and more Kepler data reaches the scientific literature.

[International Business Times]

13 Comments

Wow, I got a chance to post before some holier than thou person complains about a grammar or spelling error. Unfortunately I have nothing interesting to contribute.

@dontcallmechief:

You sure did put it to good use.

Last week's modern miracle of non-aging mice has a certain implied and ominous portent of, say, having to live in 10 year shifts alternating with 20 years of suspended animation until galactic colonization can tidy up on humanity's excess proliferation. Or perhaps mulching the remains of those choosing virtual sublimation would be the optimal solution to Malthusian constraints. Hmm, this could be the solution to Fermi's paradox of the non-appearance of advanced civilizations - they've all sublimed off their planets. But only boring people are bored, don't sublime and the galaxy is ours!

it would seem with basically INFINITE stars out there, there would be a an insanely large myrid amount of configurations. It is great that they are scientifically confirming them, but it doesn't seem like it should come as a surprise. you through 100 pennies up in the air you are going to get an infinite number of possibilites. this one lands there, that lands here. Tails here, heads there. I am sure every million throws you would get one that lands on its side. Amazing, but it would happen every million times. divice 100 billion trillion by 1 million, and you still get a large number of amazing configurations. I am sure if we search the entire universe we would find two planets "touching" each other ala the moments before a catastrophic collisions like earth and what ever made the moon.

Frozen embryos are projected to last for 33,000 years even at one percent the speed of light that’s a range of 330 light years. That is about a million and a half habitable planets within our reach. We can escape our solar system. So, the one hundred year vehicle is meant to last a life span, making interstellar travel more feasible. We can reach a habitable planet, because we can turn the ship on and raise the humans from embryos when they get there. A very daunting task but easer then consecutive generations lasting thousands of years confined.

We know we can reach the stars if we can freeze the starter womb. Clone the smallest mammal or if possible the smallest mouse. Select the same size and weight a perfect match. Take them to hibernation and cut them into pieces. Then freeze the parts because only small animals or organs can survive freezing. Inspect them by MRI to see if the parts survived freezing. Ship them to another star system and assemble them into a living mouse. At this point limbs are not important only the ability to gystate and raise a baby is needed, so only the head and torso is necessary. That first healthy baby is used as a womb to gestate larger and larger mice until a genetically modified mouse gives birth to a pig. Then from a pig to larger pigs until a genetically modified pig gives birth to a chimpanzee. Finally, a loving chimpanzee gives birth to a human being. A chain of humans inspect the planet and plan migration to the surface. So, even at only one percent the speed of light we can as embryos take all of mankind’s diversity to the stars.

If we can show that freezing a tiny mammal is possible then interstellar travel is possible. However this does raise several questions. Any alien life is also likely evolved then escaped their star system in the same way. Then why are there no radio signals, or alien contact?

i have seen this idea a few times of sending embryos in space and having robots raise them. I think this is the most silly idea out there. It sounds easy on paper, but the complexity of actaully building a ship and system for the growth of these humans is beyond etraordinary. This doesn't even begin to take into account the psychological fact that no other humans will be there to help raise these children. Look at some psych studies on child development and lack of human contact. In a study done on children in orphanages the fatality rate was multiple times higher than children in nuclear family homes. Children need other human cotnact, not some artificial robot, and don't tell me children won't know the difference. Children are more perceptive than we give them credit for. The only way to successfully colonize plants is to send people that have been socialized by other real people.

"So far, the Kepler “Objects of Interest” are pretty interesting."

LOL XD

First, you have to have a ship that can support human life indefinitely.

Then, you have to divorce that ship from dependance on the sun, and have it support human life indefinitely.

Then, you have to move it to another star, in time to keep those on board alive indefinitely.

Then, you have to have an Earth like planet in terms of gravity and reasonable temperature extremes.

Then, you have to have the supplies, equipment, and know-how on board to establish contact with that planet.

Then, you have to be able to create contained system environments on that planet to sustain life while harvesting raw materials (using robots to harvest raw materials to stock, repair, and create more "solar ships" would be the most reasonable - as that eleminates the need for Earth-like planets).

@ tmarti69

I had a idea much like yours.
freeze human eggs and sperm to absolute zero (but scientist can't quite get their) and have the ship orbit the planet till it becomes suitable for life, (assuming cells don't decompose when frozen to absolute zero) once it does fertlize the cells to make a test tube baby. Of course their are lots of other factors that need to be involved but its just an idea and im seventeen years old...

Cryogenic freezing is not nearly as low as absolute zero. The smallest animals cryogenically frozen are tinny fish and frogs. The golden frog is smaller then the smallest shrew so we will need to start with a baby mouse modified to be as small as the tinniest shrew infant, and even then it may half to be cut into pieces to survive the freezing process. Theses creatures are smaller then a dime and weigh in the milligram range.

Each species is parent to the next. Dearly loved they are raised by their corresponding parents. Robots are only necessary for maintenance of the vehicle and procedures. They may also help with media schooling to establishing language skills. A small social group of chimps and then humans is created so they can establish language skills with each other. A group of baby girl’s progress with the guidance of their chimp mothers from Teletubies to Barny talking to each other and using sign language as their mother do. Their kids will be fully functional and will communicate with the space ship to establish a human colony on the planet. The alternative is always worse humans become extinct, and the universe remains silent.

@tmarti69
its not even as close to easy as it sounds, to succesfully educate and train people in even just basic syntax is a very complicated and unique system. caring for interspecies may happen but social standards will never be passed on, cultural identity will never be established, and these are huge parts of what constitute langauge and communication. Just like aboriginal indians in the deep Amazon can't truly appreciate our language or us there lanaguage. With out humans being there to pass on knowldge that even the most talented minds and computer programs would miss, then most of the human langauges would be lost. a large portion of lanaguge and knowledge is passed on from social cues. Cues a chimpanzee would never be able to pass on. I truly believe this embryonic colonization is pipe dream.

Even a partial success will result in the colonization not too bad verses the alternative. Keep in mind even dead languages can be interpreted by scalars today. Although I think if language results in food humans will pick it up quite well. A constant set of broadcasts will give them a common set of media for TV’s. However, they will probably choose shows like “Knight Rider” and songs like the “The Jolly Green Giant.” So, a little bit cruel. Media is one of the reasons English is out pacing the French language today. I bet that cell phones will quickly permeate other languages to the Amazon faster then ever before.

But, just in case the computer should also be able to interpret sign language.

Me hungry.



June 2013: American Energy Independence

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