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Any car can outpace a typical human-powered bike. But within an aerodynamic carbon-composite casing (picture a large bullet with a windshield), even an average cyclist can accelerate to more than 50 miles per hour. “Here’s this teardrop missile going at highway speed, and all you can hear is the sound of air going over the body and tires on the ground,” says Alan Krause, president of the International Human-Powered Vehicle Association (IHPVA). The organization has been holding competitions since 1976, tracking the new speed records set as bike designs improve.

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Katie Peek/Popular Science; Source: International Human-Powered Vehicle Association

1976: The Beginning

The IHPVA’s competitions give teams a chance to test designs, swap ideas—and break lots of records.

1999: Big Money

One-hour record attempts increase as bikers vie to cover 56 miles in an hour and win the $25,000 Dempsey-MacCready prize.

2000: Battle Mountain

An annual competition begins on a straight, flat highway near Battle Mountain, Nevada. One-hour events need a longer track, but with five miles to build up speed, 200-meter records shoot up.

2013: The World’s Fastest … For Now

At 83.13 miles per hour, Sebastiaan Bowier of Human Power Team Delft and his VeloX 3 bike set the world human-power speed record.

This article was originally published in the March 2015 issue of Popular Science.